Enero es clave para consolidar la
estructura del idioma de cara a las oposiciones. Presentamos un simulacro de
inglés con tres textos (tipo Cloze Test) y treinta preguntas, diseñado para
preparar el acceso directo o promoción interna a Suboficiales de las Fuerzas
Armadas. Este ejercicio, esencial para superar el filtro del examen, incluye la
solución detallada al final, emulando la dificultad de los procesos selectivos.
1.
Criterios de Evaluación y Estrategia de
Examen
Para optimizar el rendimiento
ante el tribunal, se recomienda:
- Gestión del error: Al no restar puntos las
respuestas incorrectas, se debe responder a todos los espacios en blanco,
aplicando el descarte lógico en caso de duda.
- Análisis sintáctico y cohesión: Los textos
exigen comprender la coherencia global, ya que la respuesta correcta suele
depender de marcadores temporales o estructuras situadas antes o después
del hueco.
2.
Contenidos Críticos Evaluados en este
Test
Este simulacro (nivel B1/B2)
evalúa las destrezas más recurrentes en los exámenes de ingreso:
- Estructuras de Deseo y Condicionales:
Primer/segundo condicional y uso del pasado subjuntivo con I wish.
- Oraciones de Relativo y Posesivos:
Pronombres relativos (which, who) y posesivos (whose).
- Voz Pasiva y Tiempos Verbales: Correlación
temporal y estructuras pasivas (be + past participle).
- Morfología de Adjetivos y Adverbios: Uso de participios (-ed/-ing) y adverbios.
TEXT 1
Moving to a new city
Moving to a new city can be both exciting and
challenging. When I first arrived, I didn't know ______ (1), so everything felt
unfamiliar. I had to learn how to use public transport, which I had never done
before. Luckily, I ______ (2) figure it out after a few days. The city is much
bigger than the town I used to live in, and there are ______ (3) people
everywhere. I now live in ______ (4) apartment near the city centre. At first,
I was surprised at how fast everything moves here. People walk ______ (5), talk
quickly, and always seem busy. I usually take the subway to work, and I ______
(6) arrive at the office by 9 a.m. I ______ (7) eat breakfast before leaving
home, but now I often skip it. There are parks and museums that I like to
visit, but I don’t go very ______ (8). Sometimes I miss my hometown, especially
because my family still lives ______ (9). Overall, living in a new city has
been an ______ (10) experience.
(1)
A. anybody
B. somebody
C. nobody
D. few
(2)
A. must
B. could
C. might
D. would
(3)
A. few
B. many
C. much
D. little
(4)
A. the
B. an
C. a
D. some
(5)
A. fastly
B. fast
C. quickly
D. quick
(6)
A. must
B. can
C. have to
D. should
(7)
A. used to
B. am used to
C. use to
D. get used
(8)
A. often
B. much
C. many
D. usually
(9)
A. there
B. here
C. in
D. on
(10)
A. amazed
B. amazing
C. amaze
D. amazes
TEXT 2
At the
Office
Working in an office has its advantages and
disadvantages. I usually start my day with a team meeting, during ______ (1) we
discuss our goals. Sometimes I wonder ______ (2) we could be more productive if
we had fewer meetings. The reports ______ (3) by the assistant every Monday
morning. If the printer breaks, we ______ (4) call the technician immediately.
I always check my emails before I start work, and I answer the urgent ones
______ (5) I can. I wish I ______ (6) more time to take breaks during the day.
If I don’t finish my tasks on time, my manager ______ (7) unhappy. Although the
job is demanding, I like it ______(8) it gives me a sense of achievement. I
often ask myself, “What ______ (9) I do to improve my time management?” I hope
my contract ______ (9) renewed at the end of the year.
(1)
A. which
B. who
C. that
D. where
(2)
A. why
B. what
C. whether
D. how
(3)
A. write
B. wrote
C. are written
D. writing
(4)
A. have to
B. mustn’t
C. could
D. don’t have
(5)
A. although
B. because
C. as soon as
D. despite
(6)
A. have
B. had
C. will have
D. would have
(7)
A. is
B. will be
C. would be
D. was
(8)
A. due to
B. because
C. although
D. in spite of
(9)
A. did
B. do
C. should
D. would
(10)
A. will be
B. is being
C. has been
D. would be
TEXT 3
Learning
English
Learning a second language is something that many
people ______ (1) try at some point. My sister, ______ (2) English is
excellent, helps me with pronunciation. I always ask her if she knows ______
(3) I can improve my writing. I practice speaking every day, ______ (4) I’m
still nervous before a test. If I had more time, I ______ (5) study with a
tutor. I study every evening after I ______ (6) home from work. I use websites
and apps ______ (7) help me learn vocabulary. I also go to a language exchange
group in order to ______ (8) my confidence. There are ______ (9) people in my
group who want to practice English. My teacher’s feedback always helps me;
she’s someone I ______ (10) trust.
(1)
A. do
B. must to
C. does
D. are
(2)
A. who
B. which
C. whose
D. that
(3)
A. that
B. what
C. how
D. when
(4)
A. because
B. although
C. because of
D. due to
(5)
A. will
B. can
C. would
D. shall
(6)
A. get
B. will get
C. got
D. getting
(7)
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. that
(8)
A. building
B. build
C. builds
D. built
(9)
A. a few
B. little
C. much
D. a little
(10)
A. not
B. am
C. can
D. want
Here is a complete, line-by-line breakdown explaining every single option (A, B, C, and D) for all three texts, so you can see exactly why each choice works or fails.
Text 1: Moving to a New City
Question 1
When I first arrived, I didn't know ______ (1), so everything felt unfamiliar.
A. anybody (CORRECT): In negative sentences (here with "didn't"), we use any- words (anybody/anyone) to refer to people.
B. somebody: Used in positive statements (e.g., "I met somebody"), not after a negative verb like "didn't know".
C. nobody: Using "nobody" after "didn't" creates an ungrammatical double negative ("didn't know nobody").
D. few: Used to count objects or individuals (e.g., "a few friends"), but it doesn't function as a pronoun meaning "any person" here.
Question 2
Luckily, I ______ (2) figure it out after a few days.
A. must: Expresses present or future strong obligation or certainty (e.g., "I must go now"), not past ability.
B. could (CORRECT): Expresses general past ability or successfully managing to do something in the past.
C. might: Expresses present or future uncertainty/possibility (e.g., "It might rain later").
D. would: Expresses repeated past habits or conditional outcomes, not a single accomplishment of past ability.
Question 3
...and there are ______ (3) people everywhere.
A. few: Means "almost no one," which contradicts the sentence describing a busy, bustling city.
B. many (CORRECT): Quantifier used with plural countable nouns ("people") to mean a large quantity.
C. much: Quantifier reserved strictly for uncountable nouns (e.g., "much water", "much time").
D. little: Quantifier reserved for small amounts of uncountable nouns (e.g., "little money").
Question 4
I now live in ______ (4) apartment near the city centre.
A. the: Used for a specific noun that the reader already knows about. Here, the apartment is introduced for the first time.
B. an (CORRECT): The indefinite article used before singular countable nouns starting with a vowel sound ("apartment" starts with /æ/).
C. a: Indefinite article used only before words starting with a consonant sound (e.g., "a house").
D. some: Used with plural nouns ("some apartments") or uncountable nouns, not singular countable nouns.
Question 5
People walk ______ (5), talk quickly, and always seem busy.
A. fastly: Incorrect—this word does not exist in the English language.
B. fast (CORRECT): "Fast" serves as both an adjective and an adverb. Here, it correctly modifies the verb "walk".
C. quickly: Grammatically valid as an adverb, but option B ("fast") is preferred here to avoid stylistic repetition with "talk quickly" in the exact same sentence.
D. quick: An adjective used to modify nouns (e.g., "a quick runner"), not verbs.
Question 6
...and I ______ (6) arrive at the office by 9 a.m.
A. must: Indicates an internal, personal sense of duty rather than a fixed workplace schedule or routine obligation.
B. can: Expresses general physical ability or permission, not an established schedule/requirement.
C. have to (CORRECT): Expresses an external obligation or fixed rule imposed by a job or schedule.
D. should: Expresses advice or a recommendation rather than a required work arrival time.
Question 7
I ______ (7) eat breakfast before leaving home, but now I often skip it.
A. used to (CORRECT): Followed by a base verb ("eat") to describe a past habit that no longer occurs in the present.
B. am used to: Means "accustomed to" and must be followed by an -ing verb or noun (e.g., "am used to eating").
C. use to: Grammatically incorrect in the affirmative past tense; it lacks the required past tense ending -d.
D. get used: Incomplete structure that requires a preposition and an -ing verb (e.g., "get used to eating").
Question 8
...but I don’t go very ______ (8).
A. often: Redundant in standard English phrasing alongside "very" in this end-of-sentence adverbial position ("don't go very much" is standard).
B. much (CORRECT): Functions as an adverb of degree modifying how frequently an action is performed ("don't go very much").
C. many: Used only with plural countable nouns, not to modify verb frequency.
D. usually: A frequency adverb positioned before the main verb (e.g., "I don't usually go"), never at the very end after "very".
Question 9
...especially because my family still lives ______ (9).
A. there (CORRECT): Adverb of place referring back to the distant location previously mentioned (the hometown).
B. here: Refers to the speaker's current location (the new city), which contradicts the text.
C. in: A preposition that requires an object noun after it (e.g., "lives in a house").
D. on: A preposition that requires an object noun after it (e.g., "lives on Main Street").
Question 10
Overall, living in a new city has been an ______ (10) experience.
A. amazed: Participial adjective describing a person's inner feeling (e.g., "I was amazed"), not the quality of an event or thing.
B. amazing (CORRECT): Participial adjective ending in -ing used to describe the quality of a noun/thing ("an amazing experience").
C. amaze: A base verb, which cannot directly modify a noun.
D. amazes: Third-person present tense verb, not an adjective.
Text 2: At the Office
Question 1
...during ______ (1) we discuss our goals.
A. which (CORRECT): Relative pronoun used after prepositions ("during") to refer to things or events ("a team meeting").
B. who: Relative pronoun restricted solely to human subjects.
C. that: Cannot be placed directly after a preposition in a relative clause (you cannot say "during that").
D. where: Indicates a geographic/physical location, not a time period or event like a meeting.
Question 2
Sometimes I wonder ______ (2) we could be more productive if we had fewer meetings.
A. why: Asks for a reason/cause rather than introducing a conditional doubt/question.
B. what: Represents a noun/thing, which breaks the grammar of the complete clause that follows.
C. whether (CORRECT): Introduces an indirect yes/no question or alternative possibilities ("if / whether or not").
D. how: Asks about the manner or method of doing something.
Question 3
The reports ______ (3) by the assistant every Monday morning.
A. write: Active present verb—implies the reports write themselves.
B. wrote: Active past verb—implies the reports performed the writing in the past.
C. are written (CORRECT): Passive voice construct (
are+ past participle) suited for a plural subject ("reports") receiving a regular action.D. writing: Present participle lacking an auxiliary verb (e.g., "are writing"), and still active rather than passive.
Question 4
If the printer breaks, we ______ (4) call the technician immediately.
A. have to (CORRECT): Expresses a necessary requirement or standard workplace procedure when equipment breaks down.
B. mustn’t: Means something is strictly prohibited/forbidden (e.g., "you mustn't call" = do not call).
C. could: Denotes optional possibility or past ability rather than an urgent necessity ("immediately").
D. don’t have: Incomplete phrase; missing the required infinitive marker "to" ("don't have to" = no obligation).
Question 5
...and I answer the urgent ones ______ (5) I can.
A. although: Conjunction used to introduce contrast (e.g., "although it was late").
B. because: Conjunction used to provide a cause or reason (e.g., "because I was tired").
C. as soon as (CORRECT): Idiomatic temporal conjunction meaning "at the earliest possible moment that" ("as soon as I can").
D. despite: Preposition requiring a noun phrase or gerund, not a full subject-verb clause ("I can").
Question 6
I wish I ______ (6) more time to take breaks during the day.
A. have: Present tense verb—grammatically incorrect following "I wish" when expressing a present regret.
B. had (CORRECT): Simple past verb used after "I wish" to express an unreal or hypothetical desire about the present.
C. will have: Future modal construct that cannot follow the subjunctive structure of "I wish".
D. would have: Used for conditional past hypotheses, not simple present wishes about state/possession.
Question 7
If I don’t finish my tasks on time, my manager ______ (7) unhappy.
A. is: Present simple—lacks the predictive conditional result required by the First Conditional frame.
B. will be (CORRECT): First Conditional structure:
If + Present Simple ("don't finish"), Future Simple ("will be").C. would be: Used in the Second Conditional (requires past simple in the if-clause: "If I didn't finish...").
D. was: Past simple tense, which breaks the real-present conditional pattern.
Question 8
...I like it ______(8) it gives me a sense of achievement.
A. due to: Preposition that must be followed by a noun phrase (e.g., "due to the sense"), not a clause with a verb ("it gives").
B. because (CORRECT): Subordinating conjunction used to introduce a clause explaining a reason.
C. although: Introduces a statement of contrast, contradicting the positive feeling expressed.
D. in spite of: Preposition that must be followed by a noun or gerund, not a full subject-verb clause.
Question 9
“What ______ (9) I do to improve my time management?”
A. did: Past tense auxiliary—shifts the question into a past historical inquiry rather than present self-advice.
B. do: Simple present auxiliary—asks about routine action rather than seeking recommendations/advice.
C. should (CORRECT): Modal verb used to ask for or give advice and recommendations about actions.
D. would: Conditional modal—requires an underlying hypothetical situation/clause.
Question 10
I hope my contract ______ (10) renewed at the end of the year.
A. will be (CORRECT): Future simple passive structure used after "I hope" to express a positive expectation about the future.
B. is being: Present continuous passive—implies the renewal process is happening right this instant.
C. has been: Present perfect passive—implies the action was already completed in the past.
D. would be: Conditional form used for hypothetical scenarios, not genuine hopes.
Text 3: Learning English
Question 1
Learning a second language is something that many people ______ (1) try at some point.
A. do (CORRECT): Used here as an emphatic auxiliary verb to add stress to the main verb "try".
B. must to: Grammatically invalid—modal verbs like "must" take a bare infinitive without "to".
C. does: Singular verb form; fails subject-verb agreement with the plural subject "many people".
D. are: Auxiliary verb requiring a present participle ("are trying"), not a base verb ("try").
Question 2
My sister, ______ (2) English is excellent, helps me with pronunciation.
A. who: Subject relative pronoun replacing human nouns (e.g., "My sister, who lives here..."), not showing possession.
B. which: Relative pronoun restricted to non-human entities and objects.
C. whose (CORRECT): Possessive relative pronoun linking the person ("sister") to something belonging to her ("English").
D. that: Cannot be used in non-defining relative clauses set off by commas.
Question 3
I always ask her if she knows ______ (3) I can improve my writing.
A. that: Turns the clause into a flat statement rather than an inquiry about methods or techniques.
B. what: Represents a noun object; ungrammatical because "improve my writing" already has a complete object ("my writing").
C. how (CORRECT): Relative adverb meaning "the way/manner in which" to improve skills.
D. when: Refers exclusively to time/dates, not techniques or strategies.
Question 4
I practice speaking every day, ______ (4) I’m still nervous before a test.
A. because: Expresses a cause/reason, which contradicts the contrast between practicing and feeling nervous.
B. although (CORRECT): Subordinating conjunction used to connect two clauses that show contrast or concession.
C. because of: Preposition that must be followed by a noun phrase, not a full clause ("I'm still nervous").
D. due to: Preposition that must be followed by a noun phrase, not a clause.
Question 5
If I had more time, I ______ (5) study with a tutor.
A. will: Belongs to the First Conditional (
If + Present, will).B. can: Denotes present capability rather than a hypothetical conditional result.
C. would (CORRECT): Second Conditional structure:
If + Past Simple ("had"), WOULD + bare verb ("study").D. shall: Formal future auxiliary, invalid for past-subjunctive conditional structures.
Question 6
I study every evening after I ______ (6) home from work.
A. get (CORRECT): Time clauses starting with words like "after" use the Present Simple to express routine actions.
B. will get: Future tense cannot be placed inside time clauses introduced by "after".
C. got: Past simple tense, which breaks the sequence of a current daily routine ("study every evening").
D. getting: Participle form that lacks a finite subject verb.
Question 7
I use websites and apps ______ (7) help me learn vocabulary.
A. who: Relative pronoun restricted solely to human subjects.
B. where: Relative adverb used to refer to physical places or locations.
C. what: Cannot be used as a relative pronoun when an explicit antecedent ("websites and apps") is present.
D. that (CORRECT): Relative pronoun used to refer to non-human subjects ("websites and apps").
Question 8
...in order to ______ (8) my confidence.
A. building: Present participle/gerund form; invalid after the infinitive marker "to".
B. build (CORRECT): "In order to" is an expression that must always be followed by a base verb infinitive ("build").
C. builds: Third-person singular present form; invalid after the infinitive marker "to".
D. built: Past tense form; invalid after the infinitive marker "to".
Question 9
There are ______ (9) people in my group who want to practice English.
A. a few (CORRECT): Quantifier meaning "a small number of" used with plural countable nouns ("people").
B. little: Used only with uncountable nouns (e.g., "little water").
C. much: Used only with uncountable nouns (e.g., "much interest").
D. a little: Used with uncountable nouns to indicate a small amount.
Question 10
...she’s someone I ______ (10) trust.
A. not: Fails grammatically because negation requires an auxiliary verb (e.g., "cannot trust" or "do not trust").
B. am: Fails grammatically because
"am trust"combines a continuous auxiliary with a base verb incorrectly.C. can (CORRECT): Modal verb expressing present ability or certainty ("someone I can trust").
D. want: Requires an infinitive with "to" to link to another verb (e.g., "want to trust").
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